Identification of a mammalian glycerol3phosphate phosphatase Role in metabolism and signaling

Glycerin 3 Phosphat Shuttle. Glycerol 3 Phosphate Shuttle Another Ca 2+-sensitive booster of mitochondrial ATP synthesis is the glycerol-3-phosphate shuttle (G3PS), whose role in neuronal energy supply has remained elusive G3P freely diffuses into the intermembrane space of mitochondria and is oxidized by mitochondrial GPD2.

In G3PS, NAD + is regenerated by cytosolic glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD) by converting dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) into glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) This shuttle is essential for transferring reducing equivalents across the mitochondrial membrane, as NADH itself cannot cross it directly

Triglycerides Synthesis

The glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle and the malate-aspartate shuttle are both electron transfer systems, yet they cater to different cellular needs and conditions The yield is lower because FAD rather than NAD + is the electron acceptor in mitochondrial glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. NADH must be transported into the mitochondria to enter the oxidative phosphorylation pathway.

Glycerol 3 Phosphate Shuttle. by flavoprotein dehydrogenase (a different glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase); this second enzyme is an FAD-dependent enzyme located in the mitochondrial inner membrane NADH must be transported into the mitochondria to enter the oxidative phosphorylation pathway.

Glycerol 3 Phosphate Shuttle. The shuttle also operates in yeast, animals and plants [PMID: 16415206][9171333][9559543] The yield is lower because FAD rather than NAD + is the electron acceptor in mitochondrial glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase.